ATR 250
Chapter 12: The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Clovis    Earliest  Native  American   ("Paleoindian")   culture  of North America; technology   
  known for large, fluted, bifacial stone projectile points used as spear points for big game hunting.
Folsom   Early Native American (immediately following Clovis) culture of North America; technology known for large, fluted, bifacial projectile points used as spear points for big game hunting.
Homo floriensis Nicknamed "Hobbit" for its diminutive size, a possible new species of Homo found in Liang Bua Cave, on the Indonesian island of Flores.
Levallois    A distinctive method of stone tool production used during the Middle Paleolithic, in which the core was prepared and flakes removed from the surface before the final tool was detached from the core.
megafauna    General term for the large game animals hunted by pre-Holocene and early Holocene humans.
microcephaly    A condition in which the cranium is abnormally small and the brain is underdeveloped.
Middle Paleolithic    The middle part of the Old Stone Age, associated with Mousterian tools, which Neandertals produced using the Levallois technique.
Mousterian    The stone tool culture in which Neandertals produced tools using the Levallois technique.
occipital bun    A cranial feature of Neandertals in which the occipital bone projects substantially from the skull's posterior. 
Paleoindians    The earliest hominid inhabitants of the Americas; they likely migrated from Asia and are associated with the Clovis and Folsom stone tool cultures in North America and comparable tools in South America.
shovel-shaped incisors A dental trait, commonly found among Native Americans and Asians, in which the incisors' posterior aspect has varying degrees of concavity.
Upper Paleolithic Refers to the most recent part of the Old Stone Age, associated with early modern Homo sapiens and characterized by finely crafted stone and other types of tools with various functions.